Packets assembling into a rendered page
An article series by Vladimír Gorej

From packets to pixels

The web, rebuilt from first principles. Most engineers inherit their mental model of the stack beneath their code; this series verifies it instead, one layer at a time: the network and protocols first, then HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Every part ends its sections with hands-on exercises that need nothing more than a terminal and a browser, because verifying something yourself is the difference between knowing it and having heard it.

The parts
Part 1
From packets to pixels: how the internet actually works

How the internet actually works

Everything that happens between typing a URL and seeing a page: packets, IP, TCP, ports, HTTP, HTTPS, domain names, hosting, DNS, and the browser rendering p...

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Part 2 Coming next

HTML: the structure beneath every page

Documents, semantics, and why the structure of a page matters more than how it looks.

Part 3 Planned

CSS: how the browser decides what every pixel looks like

The cascade, layout, and the path from a stylesheet to a painted screen.

Part 4 Planned

JavaScript: what runs when a page comes alive

The language of the browser, the event loop, and what actually executes behind every interaction.

Order and scope of upcoming parts may shift as they get written.

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